State Sanctioned
A clearinghouse for information, analysis, and resources related to state sanctioned violence in the United States
Barnwell, South Carolina
On December 28th, 1889, whites removed eight men from jail in Barnwell, SC, where they were awaiting trial for various offenses, and lynched them at the courthouse. Sometimes referred to as a “mass lynching,” and other times referred to as a “massacre,” the men killed included Ripley Johnson, Ralph Morral, Hugh Furz, Robert Phoenix, Mitchell Adams, Peter Bell, Harrison Johnson, and Judge Jones.
This mass lynching was controversial, even for those who supported lynching. The Augusta Chronicle (below), for example, defended lynching in some cases, but called on the governor to prosecute the men who perpetrated this lynching. In particular, many were aggrieved over the case of Ripley Johnson, who newspapers said had a strong case of self-defense and might have been acquitted in a jury trial.
The incident does not appear on the NAACP’s list of lynching prosecutions.
Jump down to: Scholarship and other commentary
This incident is discussed in a number of sources:
The New Hampshire Sentinel, January 1st, 1890
Very brief mention, 15th news item, about a third of the way down the column.
PDF: New Hampshire Sentinel 01011890
The Augusta Chronicle, January 2nd, 1890
PDF: Barnwell Augusta Chronicle 01021890 p 4
The Cleveland Plain Dealer, January 3rd, 1890
PDF: Barnwell Cleveland Plain Dealer 01031890 p1 cont
PDF2: Barnwell Cleveland Plain Dealer p1 cont2
The Huntsville Gazette, January 4th, 1890
PDF: Huntsville Gazette 01041890 p2
The New York Age, January 4th, 1890
Also makes mention of violent disturbances in Georgia and Tennessee.
Scholarship (see also Scholarship –> Lynching)
Terrence Finnegan, A Deed So Accursed
Other Media and Commentary
“Black Prisoners Taken and Killed” – brief description with historical context from The History Engine:Tools for Collaborative Education and Research
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